1. [citation needed] The vast majority of this land area constitutes the almost uninhabited British Antarctic Territory, while the two largest territories by population, the Cayman Islands and Bermuda, account for about half of the total BOT population. There were only two exceptions: Falkland Islanders, who were automatically granted British citizenship and was treated as a part of the UK proper through the enactment of British Nationality (Falkland Islands) Act 1983 due to the Falklands War with Argentina, and Gibraltarians who were given the special entitlement to be registered as British citizens upon request without further conditions because of its individual membership in the European Economic Area and the European Community.[66]. Commemorative UK Pounds and Stamps issued in GBP have been issued. The Governor is the head of government and leads the Executive Council, consisting of appointed members made up from the Legislative Council and two, These territories have a House of Assembly, Legislative Assembly (Cayman Islands and Montserrat), with political parties. These territories are not officially a part of the UK, as most are self-governing (but they do remain under its jurisdiction). [65] In 1983, CUKC status of residents of overseas territories without the right of abode in the UK was replaced by British Dependent Territories citizenship (BDTC) in the newly minted British Nationality Act 1981, a status that does not come with it the right of abode in the UK or any overseas territory. A 20-seat Legislative Assembly is elected by the people every four years to handle domestic affairs. From 1949 to 1983, the nationality status of Citizenship of UK and Colonies (CUKC) was shared by residents of the UK proper and residents of overseas territories, although most residents of overseas territories lost their automatic right to live in the UK after the ratification of Commonwealth Immigrants Act 1968 that year unless they were born in the UK proper or had a parent or a grandparent born in the UK. Five nations contest, with counter-claims, the UK's sovereignty in the following overseas territories: None of the overseas territories has its own nationality status, and most residents hold two forms of British nationality: British Overseas Territories citizenship (BOTC) and British citizenship. financial contribution to recurrent funding). Commonwealth countries1. United States dollar (accepted unofficially on Ascension Island)[citation needed], United States dollar Bermuda and Bermudians have played important, sometimes pivotal, but generally underestimated or unacknowledged roles in the shaping of the English and British trans-Atlantic Empires. Phillips Idowu tracked down... in Team GB photo – Olympic News", "About the Biodiversity of the UK Overseas Territories", "Science: UK Overseas Territories: Biodiversity", "Turks and Caicos Islands – UNESCO World Heritage Centre", "Island of St Helena – UNESCO World Heritage Centre", "World's Largest Single Marine Reserve Created in Pacific", "Pitcairn Islands get huge marine reserve", "Pitcairn Islands to get world's largest single marine reserve", "Ascension Island to become marine reserve", Outposts: Journeys to the Surviving Relics of the British Empire, Foreign and Commonwealth Office – UK Overseas Territories, British Overseas Territories Act 2002 – Text of the Act, Governors, civil commissioners, and administrators of British dependencies, Commissioner for the British Antarctic Territory, Commissioner for the British Indian Ocean Territory, Commissioner for South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Governor-General of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, Governors of British South African colonies, Lieutenant-Governor of Demerara-Essequibo, Governor of Saint Christopher, Nevis and Anguilla, Governor-in-Chief of the Windward Islands, Governor-General of the West Indies Federation, Governor of Rhode-island and Providence Plantations, High Commissioner for the Federated Malay States, General Adviser to the Government of Johore, High Commissioners for Palestine and Transjordan, High Commissioner for the Western Pacific, Lieutenant Governor of the Swan River Colony, List of countries by English-speaking population, List of countries where English is an official language, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&oldid=1000475700, Dependent territories of European countries, 1983 establishments in British Overseas Territories, Articles with dead external links from November 2016, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles lacking reliable references from June 2020, Articles containing potentially dated statements from April 2018, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from April 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2009, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from November 2020, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from November 2010, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2010, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, "A people of excellence, moulded by nature, nurtured by God". The governors of the territories may also allow naturalization of non-BOTCs as BOTCs. Most British Overseas Territories are self-governing but rely on the UK in crucial matters of foreign policy etc. Below that are lists of university colleges and other recognised bodies (institutions with degree awarding powers), followed by a list of defunct institutions. [41] Most former colonies and protectorates became member states of the Commonwealth of Nations, a non-political, voluntary association of equal members, comprising a population of around 2.2 billion people.[42]. Falkland Islands 8. It’s most prominent feature is the Rock of Gibraltar which is a large rock which dominates the entrance to the Mediterranian Sea. (C) The British Overseas Territories (BOT) are fourteen far-flung possessions under British sovereignty that hearken to the era when Britannia truly ruled the waves. Saint Helena, Saint Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha, 7. [35] The United Kingdom participates in the Antarctic Treaty System[36] and, as part of a mutual agreement, the British Antarctic Territory is recognised by four of the six other sovereign nations making claims to Antarctic territory. Some of these cookies are essential, while others help us to improve your experience by providing insights into how the site is being used. [1][2] They are remnants of the British Empire and do not form part of the United Kingdom itself. Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, Capital: Plymouth (abandoned); Brades (center of government today). It has a long history of worldwide exploration and it is known for its historic colonies around the world. Pound sterling (widely circulated and accepted universally)[citation needed] Since then, many territories around the world have been under the control of the United Kingdom or its predecessor states. The British Overseas Territories (BOTs) maintain their own rules regarding immigration requirements different from the visa policy of the United Kingdom, but remain under its sovereignty.As a general rule, British citizen passport holders do not generally have automatic right of abode in these territories. They are remnants of the British Empire and do not form part of the United Kingdom itself. The United Kingdom Overseas Territories Association (UKOTA) also represents the interests of the territories in London. The British Overseas Territories located in the Caribbean, once widely known as British West Indies, represented back in the heyday of the Empire just small additions of red marks in the imperial map. Britain provides financial assistance to the overseas territories via the Department for International Development. The following is a list of the 14 British Overseas Territories arranged by land area. [38] It is now a province of Canada known as Newfoundland and Labrador. Territories with military bases or responsibilities may also have "Overseas Service Police", members of the British or Commonwealth Armed Forces. Im Jahr 2002 verabschiedete das Parlament des Vereinigten Königreiches den British … The OCT Association also provided overseas territories with structural funding for regeneration projects. She holds a Certificate of Advanced Study in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) from California State University. Pound sterling (widely circulated and accepted universally)[citation needed] These and other large self-governing colonies had become known as Dominions by the 1920s. They all have the British monarch as head of state. BAT was formed on March 3, 1962, although the UK claimed it both in 1908 and 1917. Most British Overseas Territories are self-governing but rely on the UK in crucial matters of foreign policy etc. Most of the permanently inhabited territories are internally self-governing, with the UK retaining responsibility for defence and foreign relations. The Commander British Forces Cyprus acts as the territory's Administrator, with a Chief Officer responsible for day-to-day running of the civil government. In territories without a permanent population, a Commissioner is usually appointed to represent the Queen. The structure of the government appears to be closely correlated to the size and political development of the territory. The inhabited territories compete in their own right at the Commonwealth Games, and three of the territories (Bermuda, the Cayman Islands and the British Virgin Islands) sent teams to the 2016 Summer Olympics. Exceptionally, in the oversea territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, an Administrator is appointed to be the Governor's representative in each of the two distant parts of the territory, namely Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha. The term "British Overseas Territory" was introduced by the British Overseas Territories Act 2002, replacing the term British Dependent Territory, introduced by the British Nationality Act 1981. [83], Two areas, Henderson Island in the Pitcairn Islands as well as the Gough and Inaccessible Islands of Tristan Da Cunha are listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, and two other territories, the Turks and Caicos Islands, and Saint Helena are on the United Kingdom's tentative list for future UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Amanda Briney, M.A., is a professional geographer. Since they are separate jurisdictions, there is no British Overseas Territories' representation in the British parliament. Montserrat The Commissioner, supported by an Administrator, runs the affairs of the territory. Individual overseas territories have legislative independence over immigration, and consequently, BOTC status does not automatically grant the right of abode in any of the territories, as it depends on the territory's immigration laws. The Governor is also responsible for liaising with the UK Government, and carrying out any ceremonial duties. [43] With 1997 approaching, the United Kingdom and China negotiated the Sino-British Joint Declaration, which led to the whole of Hong Kong becoming a "special administrative region" of China in 1997, subject to various conditions intended to guarantee the preservation of Hong Kong's capitalist economy and its way of life under British rule for at least 50 years after the handover. For other uses, see, Territories under the jurisdiction and sovereignty of the United Kingdom, Location of the United Kingdom and the British Overseas Territories, British Overseas Territories Joint Ministerial Council, Articles relating to British overseas territories, Section 5 of British Nationality Act 1983. During the European Union (EU) membership of the UK the main body of EU law did not apply and, although certain slices of EU law were applied to the overseas territories as part of the EU's Association of Overseas Countries and Territories (OCT Association), they were not commonly enforceable in local courts. United States dollar (widely circulated and accepted universally)[citation needed], Cayman Islands dollar (pegged to US dollar at 1KYD=1.2USD), New Zealand dollar In the case of Hong Kong before 1 July 1997, residents could (in some circumstances) register as British nationals overseas (BNO). Flag of the United Kingdom (Redirected from List of universities in British Overseas Territories) This is a list of universities in the United Kingdom (alphabetical by substantive name). The clock is ticking, and all eyes are on London. Page 23", "TCI Regiment gets its first commanding officer", "South Asia :: British Indian Ocean Territory — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency", "British Indian Ocean Territory Currency", "Representing Britain...and Bermuda | Bermuda Olympics 2012", "Williams' Olympic hopes on hold for 4 more years", "At last! Akrotiri and Dhekelia and Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha are the only British overseas territories without their own flag, though Saint Helena, Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha have their own individual flags. British Antarctic Territory 4. After the independence of Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) in Africa in 1980 and British Honduras (now Belize) in Central America in 1981, the last major colony that remained was Hong Kong, with a population of over 5 million. Image credit: Everett Collection/Shutterstock. The Southern part of BAT was named Queen Elizabeth Land in honor of the queen. [57], In 2012, the FCO published The Overseas Territories: security, success and sustainability which set out Britain's policy for the Overseas Territories, covering six main areas:[58], Britain and the overseas territories do not have diplomatic representations, although the governments of the overseas territories with indigenous populations all retain a representative office in London. With the exceptions of the British Antarctic Territory and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (which host only officials and research station staff) and the British Indian Ocean Territory (used as a military base), the Territories retain permanent civilian populations. This site uses cookies to store information on your computer. As far as possible, there is convergence of laws, The Government consists of an elected Legislative Council. [82] There are at least 180 endemic plant species in the overseas territories as opposed to only 12 on the UK mainland. Collectively, the Territories encompass a population of about 250,000 people[31] and a land area of about 1,700,000 square kilometres (660,000 sq mi). The governments in both London and territories occasionally meet to mitigate or resolve disagreements over the process of governance in the territories and levels of autonomy.[59]. [78], Shara Proctor from Anguilla, Delano Williams from the Turks and Caicos Islands, Jenaya Wade-Fray from Bermuda[79] and Georgina Cassar from Gibraltar strived to represent Team GB at the London 2012 Olympics. In addition, most territories have customs, immigration, border, and coastguard agencies. The legal system is generally based on English common law, with some distinctions for local circumstances. It has been accepted by FIFA and went into the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualifying, where they achieved 0 points. List of Commonwealth countries, British Overseas Territories, British Crown Dependencies and EU member states . Exceptions to this are Bermuda which uses a Red Ensign; British Antarctic Territory which uses a White Ensign, but without the overall cross of St. George; British Indian Ocean Territory which uses a Blue Ensign with wavy lines to symbolise the sea; and Gibraltar which uses a banner of its coat of arms (the flag of the city of Gibraltar). [53], Historically the Secretary of State for the Colonies and the Colonial Office were responsible for overseeing all British Colonies, but today the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) has the responsibility of looking after the interests of all overseas territories except the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, which comes under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Defence. Full British citizenship[64] has been granted to most 'belongers' of overseas territories (mainly since the British Overseas Territories Act 2002). Llanito. only Montserrat and Saint Helena receive budgetary aid (i.e. The British Overseas Territories have more biodiversity than the entire UK mainland. [4], The fourteen British Overseas Territories are:[5]. Five years after the handover of Hong Kong to China in 1997, the British government amended the 1981 Act to give British citizenship without restrictions to all BDTCs (the status was also renamed BOTC at the same time) except for those solely connected with Akrotiri and Dhekelia (whose residents already held Cypriot citizenship). The British originally took control of Gibraltar to control shipping and out of the Mediterranean Sea. Pitcairn Islands 11. The UK's mainland consists of the island of Great Britain (England, Scotland, and Wales) and Northern Ireland. Missing several answers, such as Saba, St Eustatius, St Maarten, Aruba, Madeira, Azores, Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, … Overseas citizens held concurrent European Union citizenship, having given them rights of free movement across all EU member states. [61], Two national parties, UKIP and the Liberal Democrats, have endorsed calls for direct representation of overseas territories in the UK Parliament, as well as backbench members of the Conservative Party and Labour Party.[62][63]. A Joint Ministerial Council of UK ministers, and the leaders of the Overseas Territories has been held annually since 2012 to provide representation between UK Government departments and Overseas Territory Governments.[52]. Currently (2019) all but two Governors are either career diplomats or have worked in other Civil Service departments. These territories are current British overseas territories from their formation on 1 January 1983. The British Overseas Territories (BOT) or alternatively, United Kingdom Overseas Territories (UKOTs), are 14 territories under the jurisdiction and sovereignty of the United Kingdom. For the smaller territories, the UK may appoint a UK-based lawyer or judge to work on legal cases. Most countries do not recognise the sovereignty claims of any other country, including Britain's, to Antarctica and its off-shore islands. However, those changes only related to British citizenship, not other types of nationality covered by the 1981 Act, including British Overseas Territory citizenship. Euro (accepted unofficially in most establishments)[citation needed] Responsibility for protection of biodiversity and meeting obligations under international environmental conventions is shared between the UK Government and the local governments of the territories. Some territories may have other forces beyond the main territorial police, for instance an airport police, such as Airport Security Police (Bermuda), or a defence police force, such as the Gibraltar Defence Police. The British Overseas Territories (BOTs), also known as United Kingdom Overseas Territories (UKOTs), are fourteen territories all with a constitutional and historical link with the United Kingdom. British Empire, a worldwide system of dependencies— colonies, protectorates, and other territories—that over a span of some three centuries was brought under the sovereignty of the crown of Great Britain and the administration of the British government. There is no elected government, as there is no native settled population. Spain has contested British control of Gibraltar since it was cede… British Indian Ocean Territory 5. Sep 3, 2015. Permanent residency for the approximately 7,000 civilians living in the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia is limited to citizens of the Republic of Cyprus[citation needed]. Those with family links to a British overseas territory will probably become a British overseas territories citizen (BOTC). These include maritime commerce, settlement of the continent and of the West Indies, and the projection of naval power via the colony's privateers, among other areas.[39][40]. Turks and Caicos Islands British overseas territories: an overview. "BOTs" redirects here. Euro (accepted unofficially in most establishments)[citation needed], Saint Helenian pound (parity with pound sterling) 1 Part of the British Overseas Territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. It retains strong cultural ties with Britain. Introduction. Gibraltar 9. The British Overseas Territories are also referred to as overseas territories of the United Kingdom, UK overseas territories, or when the context is clear, … This reclassified the UK's dependent territories as overseas territories and, with the exception of those people solely connected with the Sovereign Base Areas of Cyprus, restored full British citizenship to their inhabitants.[44]. Spain has contested British control of free movement across all EU member states look after their own head of,... 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